| Avar |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунизе |
keep, retain |
цІунизе |
preserve, look after |
| Estonian |
Uralic |
hoidma |
keep, retain |
hoidma |
preserve, look after |
| Estonian |
Uralic |
sæilitama |
keep, retain |
sæilitama |
preserve, look after |
| Komi |
Uralic |
vidznɩ |
keep, retain |
vidznɩ |
preserve, look after |
| Bezhta |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІуми йовал |
keep, retain |
цІуми йовал |
preserve, look after |
| Tsez (Mokok dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунзи рода |
keep, retain |
цІунзи рода |
preserve, look after |
| Lezgian (Quba dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
хуьн |
keep, retain |
хуьн |
preserve, look after |
| Azerbaijani (Terekeme dialect) |
Turkic |
сахламаг |
keep, retain |
сахламаг |
preserve, look after |
| Spanish |
Indo-European |
conservar |
keep, retain |
conservar |
preserve, look after |
| Irish |
Indo-European |
coimeád |
keep, retain |
coimeád |
preserve, look after |
| Welsh |
Indo-European |
cadw |
keep, retain |
cadw |
preserve, look after |
| Breton |
Indo-European |
mired |
keep, retain |
mired |
preserve, look after |
| Middle English |
Indo-European |
kepen |
keep, retain |
kepen |
preserve, look after |
| Old High German |
Indo-European |
bi-haltan |
keep, retain |
bi-haltan |
preserve, look after |
| Old High German |
Indo-European |
bihuoten |
keep, retain |
bihuoten |
preserve, look after |
| Old High German |
Indo-European |
bi-warōn |
keep, retain |
bi-warōn |
preserve, look after |
| Old High German |
Indo-European |
gihaltan |
keep, retain |
gihaltan |
preserve, look after |
| Old High German |
Indo-European |
sparōn |
keep, retain |
sparōn |
preserve, look after |
| Old High German |
Indo-European |
waltan |
keep, retain |
waltan |
preserve, look after |
| Lithuanian |
Indo-European |
išlaikýti |
keep, retain |
išlaikýti |
preserve, look after |
| Bulgarian |
Indo-European |
də́rža |
keep, retain |
də́rža |
preserve, look after |
| Bulgarian |
Indo-European |
zapázja |
keep, retain |
zapázja |
preserve, look after |
| Bulgarian |
Indo-European |
zapázvam |
keep, retain |
zapázvam |
preserve, look after |
| Polish |
Indo-European |
zatrzymać |
keep, retain |
zatrzymać |
preserve, look after |
| Albanian (Tosk variety) |
Indo-European |
'ruan |
keep, retain |
'ruan |
preserve, look after |
| Hittite |
Indo-European |
pahs- |
keep, retain |
pahs- |
preserve, look after |
| Persian |
Indo-European |
negɑh-dɑštæn |
keep, retain |
negɑh-dɑštæn |
preserve, look after |
| Ancient Aramaic |
Afro-Asiatic |
nṭar |
keep, retain |
nṭar |
preserve, look after |
| Negerhollands |
Indo-European |
hou |
keep, retain |
hou |
preserve, look after |
| Basque |
Basque |
be'gira |
keep, retain |
be'gira |
preserve, look after |
| Rotuman |
Austronesian |
æf-ʔɔki |
keep, retain |
æf-ʔɔki |
preserve, look after |
| Páez |
Páez |
xʸaw- |
keep, retain |
xʸaw- |
preserve, look after |
| Cofán |
Cofán |
'ãʔbĩãɲe |
keep, retain |
'ãʔbĩãɲe |
preserve, look after |
| Yagua |
Peba-Yagua |
bay |
keep, retain |
bay |
preserve, look after |
| Wapishana |
Arawakan |
tʰaapʰa-n |
keep, retain |
tʰaapʰa-n |
preserve, look after |
| Waurá |
Arawakan |
awažata |
keep, retain |
awažata |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Hid dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунле |
keep, retain |
цІунле |
preserve, look after |
| Cavineña |
Pano-Tacanan |
iya-hidaa-ya |
keep, retain |
iya-hidaa-ya |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Andalal dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунде |
keep, retain |
цІунде |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Antsukh dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунзи |
keep, retain |
цІунзи |
preserve, look after |
| Guaraní |
Tupian |
ɲoŋatu |
keep, retain |
ɲoŋatu |
preserve, look after |
| Kaingáng |
Nuclear-Macro-Je |
ki rĩr |
keep, retain |
ki rĩr |
preserve, look after |
| Sanapaná (Enlhet dialect) |
Lengua-Mascoy |
nentaʔmelkeskama |
keep, retain |
nentaʔmelkeskama |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Zakataly dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
хьихьзи |
keep, retain |
хьихьзи |
preserve, look after |
| Nivaclé |
Matacoan |
-sklan |
keep, retain |
-sklan |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Karakh dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунзи |
keep, retain |
цІунзи |
preserve, look after |
| Andi (Muni dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цIенну |
keep, retain |
цIенну |
preserve, look after |
| Ossetic |
Indo-European |
æвæрын |
keep, retain |
æвæрын |
preserve, look after |
| Ossetic |
Indo-European |
хъахъхъæнын |
keep, retain |
хъахъхъæнын |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Araderikh dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунизи |
keep, retain |
цІунизи |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Khunzakh dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунизи |
keep, retain |
цІунизи |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (East Gergebil dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цIунизе |
keep, retain |
цIунизе |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Ansalta dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цIунизе |
keep, retain |
цIунизе |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Salatav dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цӀунизе |
keep, retain |
цӀунизе |
preserve, look after |
| Khwarshi (Kwantlada dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цӀина |
keep, retain |
цӀина |
preserve, look after |
| Akhvakh (Northern dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
чІинурулъІа |
keep, retain |
чІинурулъІа |
preserve, look after |
| Akhvakh (Southern dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
чІинулахъе |
keep, retain |
чІинулахъе |
preserve, look after |
| Bagvalal |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунидила |
keep, retain |
цІунидила |
preserve, look after |
| Botlikh |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІимди |
keep, retain |
цІимди |
preserve, look after |
| Godoberi |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІинни |
keep, retain |
цІинни |
preserve, look after |
| Karata |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІийаᴴлъа |
keep, retain |
цІийаᴴлъа |
preserve, look after |
| Karata (Tokitin dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІцІинеду |
keep, retain |
цІцІинеду |
preserve, look after |
| Khwarshi (Khwarshi dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІена |
keep, retain |
цІена |
preserve, look after |
| Tindi |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІӣᴴлъʼа |
keep, retain |
цІӣᴴлъʼа |
preserve, look after |
| Chamalal (Gigatli dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цӀинна |
keep, retain |
цӀинна |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Chirag dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
мяхІкамби |
keep, retain |
мяхІкамби |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Gapshima dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
биххес |
keep, retain |
биххес |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Kadar dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
бихІес |
keep, retain |
бихІес |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Megeb dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
дямхяс |
keep, retain |
дямхяс |
preserve, look after |
| Chamalal |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІӣна |
keep, retain |
цІӣна |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Sirkhi dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
бихьхьий |
keep, retain |
бихьхьий |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Tsudakhar dialect, Tanty subdialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
биххиж |
keep, retain |
биххиж |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Usisha dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
биххий |
keep, retain |
биххий |
preserve, look after |
| Ingush |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
хьуладе |
keep, retain |
хьуладе |
preserve, look after |
| Bezhta (Khasharkhota dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІуми ровал |
keep, retain |
цІуми ровал |
preserve, look after |
| Kryz |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
аьскаьджи |
keep, retain |
аьскаьджи |
preserve, look after |
| Kumyk (Dorgeli dialect) |
Turkic |
сакъламакъ |
keep, retain |
сакъламакъ |
preserve, look after |
| Kumyk (Kajtak Tumenler dialect) |
Turkic |
сакъламах |
keep, retain |
сакъламах |
preserve, look after |
| Kumyk (Kajtak dialect) |
Turkic |
сакъламакъ |
keep, retain |
сакъламакъ |
preserve, look after |
| Kumyk (Karabudakhkent dialect) |
Turkic |
сакъламакъ |
keep, retain |
сакъламакъ |
preserve, look after |
| Kumyk (Ter Bragun dialect) |
Turkic |
сакъламакъ |
keep, retain |
сакъламакъ |
preserve, look after |
| Lak (Arakul dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
йадан |
keep, retain |
йадан |
preserve, look after |
| Lak (Shali dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
йадан |
keep, retain |
йадан |
preserve, look after |
| Rutul (Borchino Khnow dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
уІхуІн |
keep, retain |
уІхуІн |
preserve, look after |
| Rutul (Mukhrek) dialect |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
ухуІн |
keep, retain |
ухуІн |
preserve, look after |
| Rutul (Shinaz dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
ухъуІн |
keep, retain |
ухъуІн |
preserve, look after |
| Bezhta (Tlyadal dialect, Karauzek subdialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІуми ровал |
keep, retain |
цІуми ровал |
preserve, look after |
| Tsakhur (Gelmets dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
гьиважез |
keep, retain |
гьиважез |
preserve, look after |
| Archi (variety 2) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунас |
keep, retain |
цІунас |
preserve, look after |
| Khwarshi (Inkhokvari dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІина |
keep, retain |
цІина |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
мяхІкамбирес |
keep, retain |
мяхІкамбирес |
preserve, look after |
| Dargwa (Kubachi dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
саннекабиши |
keep, retain |
саннекабиши |
preserve, look after |
| Aghul |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
ухІас |
keep, retain |
ухІас |
preserve, look after |
| Archi (variety 1) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
цІунас |
keep, retain |
цІунас |
preserve, look after |
| Budukh |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
гІахъу |
keep, retain |
гІахъу |
preserve, look after |
| Lezgian |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
хуьн |
keep, retain |
хуьн |
preserve, look after |
| Lezgi (Mikrakh dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
хуьн |
keep, retain |
хуьн |
preserve, look after |
| Rutul |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
ухуІн |
keep, retain |
ухуІн |
preserve, look after |
| Tabasaran (Southern dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
уьбхюб |
keep, retain |
уьбхюб |
preserve, look after |
| Khinalug |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
йакъкъындаь |
keep, retain |
йакъкъындаь |
preserve, look after |
| Tsakhur |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
гьиваджес |
keep, retain |
гьиваджес |
preserve, look after |
| Punjabi |
Indo-European |
rakhaṇā |
keep, retain |
rakhaṇā |
preserve, look after |
| Azerbaijani |
Turkic |
сахламаг |
keep, retain |
сахламаг |
preserve, look after |
| Kumyk |
Turkic |
сакъламакъ |
keep, retain |
сакъламакъ |
preserve, look after |
| Nogai |
Turkic |
саклав |
keep, retain |
саклав |
preserve, look after |
| Chechen |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
Іалашдан |
keep, retain |
Іалашдан |
preserve, look after |
| Udi |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
ефсун |
keep, retain |
ефсун |
preserve, look after |
| Avar (Kusur dialect) |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
хьихьси |
keep, retain |
хьихьси |
preserve, look after |
| Standard Arabic |
Afro-Asiatic |
ħafidˤɑ |
keep |
ħaːfɨdˤɑ |
preserve |
| Avar |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
t͡sʼunizje |
keep |
t͡sʼunizje |
preserve |
| Bashkir |
Turkic |
haqlau |
keep |
haqlau |
preserve |
| Catalan |
Indo-European |
kunzəɾβa |
keep |
kunzəɾβa |
preserve |
| Welsh |
Indo-European |
kadʊ |
keep |
kadʊ |
preserve |
| Tsez |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
t͡sʼunzi boda |
keep |
t͡sʼunzi boda |
preserve |
| Central Siberian Yupik |
Eskimo-Aleut |
aft͡ɬiŋɡ̥aqaqa |
keep |
aft͡ɬiŋɡ̥aqaqa |
preserve |
| Central Siberian Yupik |
Eskimo-Aleut |
aft͡ɬiŋɡ̥aqaquq |
keep |
aft͡ɬiŋɡ̥aqaquq |
preserve |
| Finnish |
Uralic |
sæi̯lʏtːæː |
keep |
sæi̯lʏtːæː |
preserve |
| Italian |
Indo-European |
konzervare |
keep |
konzervare |
preserve |
| Itelmen |
Chukotko-Kamchatkan |
ŋetes |
keep |
ŋetes |
preserve |
| Kazakh |
Turkic |
sɑqtɑu |
keep |
sɑqtɑu |
preserve |
| Northern Khanty |
Uralic |
ʃawitɪ |
keep |
ʃawitɪ |
preserve |
| Komi-Permyak |
Uralic |
vidznɨ |
keep |
vidznɨ |
preserve |
| Komi-Zyrian |
Uralic |
vid͡znɨ |
keep |
vid͡znɨ |
preserve |
| North Karelian |
Uralic |
sæilytːyæ |
keep |
sæilytːyæ |
preserve |
| Lak |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
jadan |
keep |
jadan |
preserve |
| Lezgian |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
χyn |
keep |
χyn |
preserve |
| Moksha |
Uralic |
vanftoms |
keep |
vanftoms |
preserve |
| Northern Mansi |
Uralic |
uːrɣalɪm oːɲsʲuŋkʷʲe |
keep |
uːrɣalɪm oːɲsʲuŋkʷʲe |
preserve |
| Hill Mari |
Uralic |
pereɣæʃ |
keep |
pereɣæʃ |
preserve |
| Erzya |
Uralic |
vanstoms |
keep |
vanstoms |
preserve |
| Nivkh |
Nivkh |
ird |
keep |
ird |
preserve |
| Nivkh |
Nivkh |
irɟ |
keep |
irɟ |
preserve |
| Dutch |
Indo-European |
bəʋaːrə |
keep |
bəʋaːrə |
preserve |
| Olonets Karelian |
Uralic |
sæilʏtːiæ |
keep |
sæilʏtːiæ |
preserve |
| Northern Pashto |
Indo-European |
sɑˈt̪əl |
keep |
sɑˈt̪əl |
preserve |
| Portuguese |
Indo-European |
ɡwɐrˈðar |
keep |
ɡwɐrˈðar |
preserve |
| Portuguese |
Indo-European |
kõsərˈvar |
keep |
kõsərˈvar |
preserve |
| Romanian |
Indo-European |
pəstra |
keep |
pəstra |
preserve |
| Sakha |
Turkic |
xaɾaj |
keep |
xaɾaj |
preserve |
| Northern Sami |
Uralic |
sæjlːʊhih |
keep |
sæjlːʊhih |
preserve |
| Standard Albanian |
Indo-European |
ɾʊaj |
keep |
ɾʊaj |
preserve |
| Tatar |
Turkic |
saklau |
keep |
saklau |
preserve |
| Udmurt |
Uralic |
vozʲɨnɨ |
keep |
vozʲɨnɨ |
preserve |
| Veps |
Uralic |
kɑitɑ |
keep |
kɑitɑ |
preserve |
| Archi |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
c’unas |
to keep |
cʼunas |
to preserve |
| Bezhta |
Nakh-Daghestanian |
c’umi -ow- |
to keep |
c’umi -ow- |
to preserve |
| Gawwada |
Afro-Asiatic |
ʔerkaɗ |
to keep |
ʔerkaɗ |
to preserve |
| Hawaiian |
Austronesian |
mālama |
to keep |
mālama |
to preserve |
| Imbabura Quechua |
Quechuan |
allichina |
to keep |
allichina |
to preserve |
| Japanese |
Japonic |
tamotsu |
to keep |
tamotsu |
to preserve |
| Mandarin Chinese |
Sino-Tibetan |
bao3liu2 |
to keep |
bao3liu2 |
to preserve |
| Old High German |
Indo-European |
bihaltan |
to keep |
bihaltan |
to preserve |
| Otomi |
Otomanguean |
tsuni |
to keep |
tsuni |
to preserve |
| Selice Romani |
Indo-European |
ikren |
to keep |
ikren |
to preserve |
| Swahili |
Atlantic-Congo |
-hifadhi |
to keep |
-hifadhi |
to preserve |
| Tarifiyt Berber |
Afro-Asiatic |
xəmməř |
to keep |
xəmməř |
to preserve |
| Thai |
Tai-Kadai |
ráksǎa |
to keep |
ráksǎa |
to preserve |
| Wichí |
Matacoan |
yikanej |
to keep |
yikanej |
to preserve |