| Language | Family | Form for SOUL | Gloss for SOUL | Form for GHOST | Gloss for GHOST |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estonian | Uralic | waim | soul, spirit | waim | ghost, phantom |
| Bezhta | Nakh-Daghestanian | руьгь | soul, spirit | руьгь | ghost, phantom |
| Modern Greek | Indo-European | 'pnefma | soul, spirit | 'pnefma | ghost, phantom |
| French | Indo-European | esprit | soul, spirit | esprit | ghost, phantom |
| Welsh | Indo-European | ysbryd | soul, spirit | ysbryd | ghost, phantom |
| Middle English | Indo-European | gost | soul, spirit | gost | ghost, phantom |
| Dutch | Indo-European | geest | soul, spirit | geest | ghost, phantom |
| Old High German | Indo-European | ātum | soul, spirit | ātum? | ghost, phantom |
| Old High German | Indo-European | geist | soul, spirit | geist | ghost, phantom |
| Old High German | Indo-European | hugu | soul, spirit | hugu? | ghost, phantom |
| Old High German | Indo-European | muot | soul, spirit | muot? | ghost, phantom |
| Old High German | Indo-European | sēula | soul, spirit | sēula? | ghost, phantom |
| Old High German | Indo-European | sin | soul, spirit | sin? | ghost, phantom |
| Lithuanian | Indo-European | dvasià | soul, spirit | dvasià | ghost, phantom |
| Bulgarian | Indo-European | dúx | soul, spirit | dúx | ghost, phantom |
| Czech | Indo-European | duch | soul, spirit | duch | ghost, phantom |
| Persian | Indo-European | ruh | soul, spirit | ruh | ghost, phantom |
| Ancient Aramaic | Afro-Asiatic | rūχā | soul, spirit | rūχā | ghost, phantom |
| Karok | Karok | pikšip | soul, spirit | pikšip | ghost, phantom |
| Zuni | Zuni | hapa | soul, spirit | hapa | ghost, phantom |
| Proto Polynesian | Austronesian | *aitu | soul, spirit | *aitu | ghost, phantom |
| Proto Polynesian | Austronesian | *qaitu | soul, spirit | *qaitu | ghost, phantom |
| Proto Polynesian | Austronesian | *vai-lua | soul, spirit | *vai-lua | ghost, phantom |
| Hawaiian | Austronesian | akua | soul, spirit | akua | ghost, phantom |
| Hawaiian | Austronesian | ʔuhane | soul, spirit | ʔuhane | ghost, phantom |
| Rapa Nui | Austronesian | varua | soul, spirit | varua | ghost, phantom |
| Cayapa | Barbacoan | 'uh-mu | soul, spirit | 'uh-mu | ghost, phantom |
| Siona | Tucanoan | wati | soul, spirit | wati | ghost, phantom |
| Aguaruna | Chicham | wa'kan | soul, spirit | wa'kan | ghost, phantom |
| Yagua | Peba-Yagua | bayantu | soul, spirit | bayantu | ghost, phantom |
| Ese Ejja | Pano-Tacanan | e-kʷikia | soul, spirit | e-kʷikia | ghost, phantom |
| Catuquina | Pano-Tacanan | yočĩ | soul, spirit | yočĩ | ghost, phantom |
| Shipibo-Conibo | Pano-Tacanan | yošĩ | soul, spirit | yošĩ | ghost, phantom |
| Wayampi | Tupian | ãŋɛ | soul, spirit | ãŋɛ | ghost, phantom |
| Lengua | Lengua-Mascoy | -haŋak | soul, spirit | haŋak | ghost, phantom |
| Mapudungun | Araucanian | pɨlʸɨ | soul, spirit | pɨlʸɨ | ghost, phantom |
| Avar (Karakh dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухІ | ghost, phantom |
| Gününa Küne | Puelche | sɨkɨl | soul, spirit | sɨkɨl | ghost, phantom |
| Khwarshi (Kwantlada dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухӀ | soul, spirit | рухӀ | ghost, phantom |
| Godoberi | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухӀил | soul, spirit | рухӀил | ghost, phantom |
| Karata (Tokitin dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухІ | ghost, phantom |
| Dehong | Tai-Kadai | xɔn.1 ŋau.2 | soul, spirit | xɔn.1 ŋau.2 | ghost, phantom |
| Khwarshi (Khwarshi dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухІ | ghost, phantom |
| Dargwa (Gubden dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухІ | ghost, phantom |
| Dargwa (Kadar dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухІ | ghost, phantom |
| Bezhta (Khasharkhota dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | руьгь | soul, spirit | ругь | ghost, phantom |
| Hunzib | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухІ | ghost, phantom |
| Bezhta (Tlyadal dialect, Karauzek subdialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухI | ghost, phantom |
| Khwarshi (Inkhokvari dialect) | Nakh-Daghestanian | рухІ | soul, spirit | рухІ | ghost, phantom |
| Keme (Kemie variety) | Austroasiatic | kviʔ.53 | soul, spirit | kviʔ.53 | ghost, phantom |
| Wa | Austroasiatic | khuan.A | soul, spirit | khuan.A | ghost, phantom |
| Pear | Austroasiatic | k`bau | soul, spirit | k`bau | ghost, phantom |
| Avasö | Austronesian | pɔta-na | spirit (live) | pɔta-na | spirit (dead) |
| Bauro (2) | Austronesian | ataro-na | spirit (live) | ataro-na | spirit (dead) |
| Faghani | Austronesian | auŋa-na | spirit (live) | auŋa-na | spirit (dead) |
| Ghaimuta | Austronesian | taruŋa | spirit (live) | taruŋa | spirit (dead) |
| Ghari | Austronesian | tindao | spirit (live) | tindaɔ | spirit (dead) |
| Kokota | Austronesian | taruŋa | spirit (live) | taruŋa | spirit (dead) |
| Kwaio | Austronesian | nunu-na | spirit (live) | nunu-na | spirit (dead) |
| Lengo | Austronesian | taruŋa | spirit (live) | taruŋa | spirit (dead) |
| Longgu | Austronesian | anoa | spirit (live) | anoa | spirit (dead) |
| Lungga | Austronesian | oŋu-na | spirit (live) | oŋu-na | spirit (dead) |
| Lwepe | Austronesian | müŋœ | spirit (live) | müŋœ | spirit (dead) |
| Malo | Austronesian | müŋœ | spirit (live) | müŋœ | spirit (dead) |
| Marau | Austronesian | hi!o-na | spirit (live) | hi!o-na | spirit (dead) |
| Mbilua | Bilua | auana | spirit (live) | auana | spirit (dead) |
| Nduke | Austronesian | ŋgohele | spirit (live) | ŋgohele | spirit (dead) |
| Nggela | Austronesian | tindalo-na | spirit (live) | tindalo-na | spirit (dead) |
| Nggeri | Austronesian | tindao | spirit (live) | tindao | spirit (dead) |
| Nginia | Austronesian | taruŋa | spirit (live) | taruŋa | spirit (dead) |
| Ririo | Austronesian | puat | spirit (live) | puat | spirit (dead) |
| Roviana | Austronesian | maŋgomaŋgo | spirit (live) | maŋgomaŋgo | spirit (dead) |
| Santa Ana | Austronesian | nunu-na | spirit (live) | nunu-na | spirit (dead) |
| Tanimbili | Austronesian | nakombio | spirit (live) | nakombio | spirit (dead) |
| To'ambaita | Austronesian | anɔ-na | spirit (live) | anɔ-na | spirit (dead) |
| Ughele | Austronesian | mamaŋgo | spirit (live) | mamaŋgo | spirit (dead) |
| Vano | Austronesian | alaŋani | spirit (live) | alaŋani | spirit (dead) |
| Walade (LauS) | Austronesian | anɔa-na | spirit (live) | anɔa-na | spirit (dead) |
| Indonesian | Austronesian | hantu | the soul or spirit | hantu | the ghost |
| Ket | Yeniseian | ulvej | the soul or spirit | ulvej | the ghost |
| Seychelles Creole | Indo-European | nanm | the soul or spirit | nanm | the ghost |
| Takia | Austronesian | ŋtu- | the soul or spirit | ŋtu- | the ghost |
| Yaqui | Uto-Aztecan | jiapsi | the soul or spirit | jiapsi | the ghost |
| Zinacantán Tzotzil | Mayan | 7anima | the soul or spirit | 7anima | the ghost |
This edge appears in cluster
and subgraphs
CLICS³